Distillation Book III, Chapter 11, Section 1a
Still
I. He beareth a Still fixed
upon it's Bottom.
This is termed the Common, or only Still for drawing of Waters from Floweres, Leaves, and Herbs, by heat of Fire.
Strong water still
II. He beareth a Strong-water Still,
with its Tub, and Receiver; by the knowledge of this in a Sign,
you may easily smell out a Strongwater-man, or his Shop.
Still
Image from published plateIn the dexter chief of this Square, is another form of a Still, or Distillatory Instrument, having a Piramed or Spire-like Head, fixed on its Bottom, contrary to that in Numb.1. which may thus be distinguished, the first with a round Head and Receiver; this with a Spire.
Related text(s) Refrigeratorium Reverberium
Limbeck
III. He beareth a Limbeck.
This is an other sort of Strong-water Still, by which the Spirits of many things are drawn out into waters, being a Still only for small quantities, as the other is for great.
Distillatory
IV. He beareth the Head of a Distillatory,
with 3 pipes; having as many Receivers, or Bottles set
to them. This is another way of distilling waters by fire.
Stew pot
V. He beareth (a Stew, or Stove, or) a
Stew pot covered. This
is a Vessel made of either Iron, Brass, or Copper; with
high Feet and Rings on the sides, by which it is removed,
or carried from place to place; in which a Fire is put,
either of Coal or Charcoal, and then covered with a
close cover, having some few Air Holes on the top: this
is a thing by which Rooms are made warm, for Sick and
Crazy Bodies, which cannot approach near a Fire.
Distillatory or urinal
VI. He beareth a Distillatory narrow necked body; this is also termed by the Distillers
of Waters, and other Chimical prepparations, a narrow
necked Infuser, or body with a long neck to distill
withal: it is generally of Glass. See Chap.9 Numb.
173.
Oscula is the mouth or open of any Vessel.
He beareth a Urinal, see the Figure, chap.14. num.48. It is in shape like the fore said Narrow necked body, having a Rime about the hole or mouth of the neck.
This is a Glass Vessel fit for two uses; the one Distillation, the other casting of the water of the Sick, and Distempered Bodies. Mr Boswell pag.131. calls it a Vial and Phial.
Distillatory head
VII. He beareth an Head of a Distillatory,
(or the Head of a Limbeck) and a Receiver.
This bottom Glass, which is called a Receiver, is set to
the end of the other Glass head, to receive the Water,
or Oyl that is Distilled from the higher glass; some
call it a Urinal, and a Cucurbite) and a Vial, and
a Cupping Glass, having the form and shape of
them all. It is sometyme taken for the Cucurbitula.
Related text(s) Diota
Distillatory head
VIII. He beareth the Head of a Distillatory
reversed. This is the same
kind of Glass Instrument, for Distilling as the aforesaid,
save it is turned upside down, or the Mouth upward.
Distiller's bladder
IX. He beareth a Distillers Bladder.
This is an Instrument, or Vessel rather, made
of Potters Earth, or Clay well Luted and Burnt; It is
much used for Distilling, and Receiving of Liquors
proceeding from the Pipes of Stills. This is by the Latinists
termed Vesica; and by the name Vesica Distillatoria, is ment any kind of Brazen or Copper vessel,
which containes anything that is to be Distilled.
Distiller's retort
X. He beareth a Stillers Retort, or a Retort Glass. This is much used for Distillations, being filled with Liquors, and set in Sand with a
Fire under, will Distill through its crooked neck, into
the Mouth of a Receiver, or any other Bottle put
unto it. This kind of Distillation is by Artists termed, a
Distilling in Balmio; that is by heat, the Fire not
touching the Retort. In Latine it is called Retorta,
being made of glass, stone, Iron, or copper; it is a
Round figure, to the side thereof there is fastned a bended, retorted, and hollow beak. or nose; whereby the
things that are to be distilled, are put in and out.
Tunning dish
XI. He beareth a Tunning dish: between
two Funnel dishes, or Funels. These are
the sorts of Funels, as I have seen used, the large one being made of Wood, with an Iron, or Copper Pipe
at the bottom; which being put into the Bung, or hole
of great Vessels, as Barrels, Hogsheads, and Tuns:
Having Liquor poured into the Bowl, or Dish, it is conveyed into the Vessel without spilling, or running beside the
Vessel.
Funnels
The Smaller Funnels, are made of Tin, or
Glass, and are for the same use in filling small Vessels,
and Bottles.
Salt basket
XII. He beareth a Salt Basket, or Salt
Purger.
Oil jar
Image from published plateIn the Sinister base, is an earthen vessel of most termed a Jare, or Oyle Vessel with an Handle, (or Bend to carry by) this is much in use by Oyle-men and such as trade in those kinds of liquors.
Filter
He beareth a Philter, or Filter hanging upon a Naile, distilling into a Pottenger,
or Pipkin with a Round Eare. Some blazon this a Hippocrise Bag; In Latin Filtrum, or
Manica Hippocatis. This is termed a distillation by
Filter, and a Distilling bag: which is made of wollen
for some kind of Operation, and of Canvice or Linnen
for other sorts: Its wide at the top and open, being kept
so by an hoop or garth sowed about it, but narrow and
close at the bottom ending in a point. By this the moiture of any thick thing is drawn out.
Related text(s) Matracium Nodus Petia Pipkin
Cold press
XIV. He beareth a Cold Press set on 4 feet
with its Spout, and its Receiver under it.
This is an hand Press being double Screwed, the Nuts
thereof being to be turned with the Hands; whereas the
following Press is to turned about with an Iron Bar.
This is to draw liquor out of any kind of moist Ingredience, by pressing it onely.
Oil press
XV. He beareth an Oyle Press, with its
Spout, and Receiver. This is a Press that goeth with one Screw, and is for the drawing of Oyles by
pressure, out of any sort of Ingredient through heat, or
by means of hot Plates.
Distiller's pellicane
XVI. He beareth a Distillers Pellicanus,
or Pellicane. This
is a Glass vessel which serveth the Distiller for no other
use than circulating of the Quintessence of Things.
There are but these ways of drawing and distilling of Liquors, viz. by Vessels, by Presses, and by Stills, which
are of most use; what other things are imployed about
Distillings, are for the same purpose, and uses, as these
aforesaid are. This is of some termed a Circulatorium, from the ascending and descending of the Liquor
about it, as if it were in a circle.
Related text(s) Diploe Extraction of oils and waters
Wine press
XVII. He beareth a Wine Press. This
is one of the sorts, or maner of Presses, by which the Liquor, or Blood of the Grape is Squeesed out; and that is
by Trading. Such Presses are mentioned by Job and
Nehemia; and the People blamed, because they Trod in
them on the Sabbath day. Neh. 13 15. Job 24 11. for
which they had a curse of thirst, as a punishment layd
upon them.
Wine press
XVIII. He beareth on a Mount in base, a
Wine Press fixed upon five Standards, or Bearers, with a Rouling Stone therein: the
Liquor Distilling into Vessels, or Receivers, of the
Second. This is termed also, the Mill-Press, because the
liquor of the Grape, Apples, or Peares, are Squeesed out
by means of a weighty Stone rowled over them. This is
in blazon called a Cyder or Perry mill, a Varges
or Crab mill.
There is an other kind of Mill which I have see, for the crushing of all sorts of Fruit, to get out the juice: it is made after the maner of a Tanners mill, haveing a great round Stone (like a Mil-stone) turning round, in a wooden Trough: haveing Spouts in the sides, out off which the liquor runs into vessels set to receive it.
Quart
He beareth a Quart.
This is a vessel by which all liquid things are
measured, which according to its Size, hath a several denomination: the least is a Half Gill, for
2 Half Gills make a Gill, or Quadran.
2 Gills makes an Half Pint.
2 Half Pints makes a Pint.
2 Pints makes a Quart.
2 Quarts makes a Pottle.
2 Pottles makes a Gallon.
By these measures, Wine, Water, Ale, and Beer, are measured; yet with this difference, that the Barrel of Beer is 36 gallons, and all other Liquors, but 32 gallons.
Next section
