Trees and fruit Book II, Chapter 3, Section 1a
Chapter 3, Item 8a
Pear varieties
There are several sorts of Pears, as,
St. James Pear, round at top, narrow at stalk, and is red and yellow.
An Abby Pear, if a green, or greenish dusky colour.
A Warden, it is like a Quince, but brown and spotted; of them there are several sorts.
A Burgomot Pear, is a big Summer Pear, of a yellow and red colour.
A Popperdom Pear, or Popperin.
A Katheraine Pear,
A Slipper Pear.
An Orenge Burgomot, is a round, short stalked Pear, of a deep yellow.
A Musky Pear, it is great and large, yellow, and of a Musky Taste.
A Bloody Pear, is small, brown on the out-side, and Blood red within. I have seen an Apple of the same Nature; but these are but curiosities.
A Winter Musk Pear, is large and round, red sided yellow fruit.
A Windsor Pear.
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Chapter 3, Item 9a
Apple varieties
Of Apples there are several sorts, as,
The Pear-main, of which there are three sorts.
The Russet Pear-main, which hath generally a rough brown side, and the Rind oft chopt and choned, the other part greenish; this is called the Summer Pear-main.
The Yellow Pear-main, hath a fine smooth rind, of a whitish yellow colour.
The Green Pear-main, or Winter Pear-main, is of a deep green colour, spotted faintly with whitish green spots.
The Russet Apple, is a small Apple, brown on one side, and red and yellow, or green on the other.
The Darling Apple, is yellow, with a mixture of red on one side.
The Pippin, is a green roundish Apple, sometimes reddish on the side; of these there are diverse kinds.
The Red Strake, is greenish, striped all over with red; this is a good Sider Apple.
The Daubil, or Lady Finger, of some called a Beaking Glomaine, it is a long Apple, red on one side, and green on the other, having a Beak or Hook, by which it hangs to the Stalk.
The Paradise Apple, is a delicate Apple for Taste, of a yellow and red colour.
The Juniting, is a small Apple, yellow and red sided.
The Magdalen, or Margaret Apple, is a fair and beautiful Fruit, yellow and thick striped with red; it hath a delicate taste, sweet scent, and early ripe, and is best eaten off the Tree.
The Giant Apple, it is a great and long Fruit, yellow, and well tasted, and either to Coddle, or Bake in Tarts, the most excellent of any Summer Apple.
The Good Housewife, is the largest of the Apples I have seen, of a long round, gathering in at the Stalk and Blossom or Crown; of a pure green, or greenish yellow colour.
The Queening, is a fair red striped Apple, and beautiful in its Season, being a kind of Winter Fruit. The Quince Apple, is a fair, smooth yellow Apple, something like a Quince.
The Rennet, is a fine lasting Apple, of which there are several sorts, but the Lincoln Rennet is reputed best.
The Pear Apple, so called from its Pear-like form.
The Pomewater Apple,
The Costard Apple, of which there are three kinds, as the white, gray, and red Costard.
The Greening.
The Fig Apple, it is without Core or Kernel, or without Blossom, the Fruit coming out of the sides of the Branches (after the manner of Figs) and as bigg as a Pippin.
The Crab, is a small round Apple, growing on Trees in Hedges by the Way sides; it is red, green, and when ripe, yellow sided; there are diverse kinds of them, some as large and fair, as other well tasted Apples.
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Chapter 3, Item 10a
Quince varieties
The Lion Quince, is yellow, the sides deep ribbed, with a hollow Crown.
The Brunswick Quince, is round and more whiter than the other.
The Portugal Quince, is yellow, with the sides full of Chops and Chones.
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Chapter 3, Item 14a
Peach
Peaches grow after this manner, and of a light, green, and white colour, turning to yellow, some all red; others red on one side, all downy; the white Apricocks have the leaves foulded, seldom opening. The long Apricock is long, and of a pale yellow colour.
The double flowered Peach, is of some written Beech or Beach, is like the ordinary Peach, save the flowers which are double, consisting of 3 or 4 rows of leaves, of a reddish blush colour; they seldom come to any fruit.
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Chapter 3, Item 14b
Nectarine
The Neccorine is like the Peach in the tree and fruit, but smaller, smooth and round, which before they begin to ripen, are much like to a green Walnut; but after, of several colours, as green, yellow, white, red, murrey, tawny and russet, also white painted with red spots.
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Chapter 3, Item 23a
Cherry varieties
The great Preserving Cherry, they are of a blackish red on the outside when ripe, and Blood red within.
The Biquar Cherry is a fair kind, of a pale red colour, and spotted with white.
The Amber Cherry, hath very large Leaves, the Fruit of a fair Amber colour.
The Dwarf Cherry is of two sorts, the one small branches hanging down the Cherry being small, round and red; the other Branches more erect, having Fruit bigger and pointed.
Mr Girle makes mention of a kind of Hungarian Cherry (as saith Rea in his Pomona fol.206. that is as large as an ordinary Apple, which he called Ciliegi Birricloni.
Thus you shall have Cherries like Hearts, called Heart Cherries, and the Black Heart Cherry, of a blackish red colour; the Flanders Cluster Cherry, they grow on the Stalks in Clusters, 3, 4, and 5, joined together; the white Cherry hath a little red on one side, the Leaf is like to the Medlar, saving that in handling of it it is somewhat more rough; the Flower is white, being 5 round leaves about a pod or head, which having gotten full ripeness, becometh Blood red, but white within, having a Stone in the middle with a Kernel in.
The double flowered Cherry hath double white flowers, and many grow together, which falleth away without bearing Fruit.
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Chapter 3, Item 24a
Plum varieties
The Blew Primordian Plumb is fashioned like a Pear, with a round head, and smaller towards the Stalk, of a red colour, and some of a Violet blew colour.
The Barberry Plumb, is black, and fashioned like an Egg.
The Damson, or Damasen, is round and black, some of a blackish blew.
The Wheaten Plumb, is like a Wheat Corn with an incision or cleft all along the side, of a whitish green and yellow.
The Diapered plumb is a pale yellow, marbled with red, called also the Marbled Plumb.
The Peascod plumb is long, some are white, red or green.
The Pear plumb and the Date plumb are either red, yellow or white.
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