Chapter 16, Item 29a
Table games
The Vsuall Games within the Tables.
Irish, it is an ingenious Game and requires a great deale of skill to play it well, especially the after game; it is not to be learned otherwise then by observation and practice. It consists most, of the safe bringing home of your scattered men and the speedy filling of your owne table, and then in beareing them without blotting: termes which we shall explain afterwards.
Back-Gammon, it is the same to Irish, and the men soe placed, only differ in this, that doubletts in this game is four fould, which make a quicker dispach of the game.
Tick-Tack. In this game all your men are set on the Ace point, and so plaid forward to fill your tables, but with this care, that an vnbound man be not hit in the way by one of the Adversaries men: which if he doe not, but that you fill all the points of your second table with your owne men you haue won two. Much more might be said as to the craft of the play, which cannot be discouered but from observation.
Dubblets. This is an easie and childish play and performed by haueing all the 15 men set double on the six points, the 6. 5. 4. haueing three apeece: what is throwne is layd downe, and if one throws and hath it not, the other lays downe for him, and thus they do till all be downe; and then they beare: now dubblets in this game, is as many to be layd downe and borne as the dubblets are.
Sice-Ace. It is played with six or more men apeece, where the one load the other with Aces, and sices beares onely, and dubbletts throws againe; and he that hath first borne his men wins.
Ketch-dolt, and seuerall other games there are which were a superfluity to mention.
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Chapter 16, Item 29b
Games rules
Gamesters lawes for Tables.
1. He that throws most with a single die, hath the benefite of the first throw for any game he plays at.
2. Dubblets or doublets in Irish are noe more then they are, but in Back-Gammon are to be played foure tymes ouer: and in the Game of doublets they are as many to laye downe and beare vp, as they are.
3. If both beare togather in Backgammon he that is first off without doublets wins one of the game. If he that beares goes off with doublets he wins two.
4. If your table be clear and you haue borne all your men off, before the other hath brought in all his men, that is a Back-Gammon, which is three: And if you thus goe off with doublets it is foure casts or Hits.
5. A Hit is not to passe, though you throw such a cast that some of your men may reach one of your Adversaries vnbound man: because of a stop in the way, and then it is nothing.
6. If you fill vp all the points of your second table with your owne men, you win two hits of the game in Tick-tack.
7. If you touch a man you must play him though to your losse, from whence it is Tick-tack, that is touch and take.
8. If you hit your adversary and neglect the advantage, you are taken your selfe with a Why not, which is the losse of one cast.
9. If you are in and your cast be such as you may take your Aduersaries eleuenth point by two other men, and you se it not, either by carelessnesse, or eager prosecution of a hit, which is apparent before your eyes, you losse two casts irrecouerably.
10. It is lawfull for any Gamester to stop the runing of his adversaries dice at his pleasure: causing him to cast anew.
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Chapter 16, Item 29c
Gamesters terms
Terms used by Gamesters at the Tables.
A cast, is the throwing of the dice.
A chance of a die.
An after game.
A Blott or blotting: when a man lies open to his adversarie; or is not bound.
To Beare the men, is to take him up out of the tables.
Making, is when you haue not a man in it due place or point to be borne, but must be shifted from an other point.
Doublets, is two of a sort as two Aces, 2 duces, 2 treys. &c.
A Hit, is when 5. 7. or 9. Is the game, then a hit is on of the set, or number in that game, towards getting vp. A Hit in Tick-tack is when you can vpon a cast take an vnbound man: which is one.
A Passe, is for the man to be remoued from on point to an other without a stop of the men of the contrary party.
A nonpasse, is when the adverse men are so set that you cannot passe with your man, or men till he giue you liberty.
An entering of a man, is to place him in the tables againe after his takeing vp by a Hit, it being not bound.
A Binding of a man, is to haue two togather vpon one point of the tables.
A Man vnbound, is a single man vpon a point. Se blott.
To play at length, to set a man as fare on the points as the cast of the dice were.
To play at home, or close at home.
A double game, is when two hits is gotten instid of one, and in some playes 3 or 4 Hits may be gotten at a tyme, towards the number fixed upon to make the game vp.
Rovers.
Why not, is the neglect of the taking of a man which you may, which is the loss of a Hit.
Toots, is when you fill your table at home, and goe not ouer into your adversaries.
Boveries, is when you haue a man in your owne tables; and an other in the eleuenth and same point of your aduersaries directly answering.
Flyers, is when you bring a man round the tables before your aduersarie hath got ouer his first table.
Nap or Knap, or cog a die, is the slurring it out of ones fingers.
Palming, a cunning way of casting a die for the players advantage.
Top or toping a die.
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Chapter 16, Item 29d
Games with dice
The Vsuall games at dice.
In and Inn, is a game at dice too much used, and may be played by two or three each haueing a Box in his hand. It is played with 4 dice: in which the players obserue these casts, which they term as follows.
Inn, that is when you haue thrown 2 doublets of any sort, as two aces; two duces; &c.
Out, is when noe doublets are thrown on all the foure dice.
A Bie, is when 3 play, if one be out, the other two haue the wager betweene them which they may either diuide or throw out for it.
In and Inn, is when you throw all the foure dice doubles, as foure Aces, four duces, &c. or else two of one and two of an other sort of the blotts of the dice.
Passage, is a game at dice, to be playd by two and with three dice. The caster he throws continually till he hath thrown doublets which if under ten then he is out and looseth; if doublets aboue ten, then he winneth, and so continueth his throwing.
Three Throws, as many as will may play at it, and as many dice as they please, so that he which turnes most vp at three casts goes away with the price.
Lottery by dice, this is done by one cast with six dice, in which there are so many numbers which are blanks, and so many numbers (which if you hit vpon any of them) haue prices.
Hassard, or Hazzard, this game is played but with two dice, but there may play at it as many as can stand round the largest round table. In it there is two things cheifely to be observed as,
The Main is a cast consisting of 6. 7. 8. 9. for there is noe main aboue 9 and vnder 5.
The chances, are from 4 to 10 as thus 4 is a chance to 9. 5 to 8. 6. to 7. 7. to 6. 8. to 5. And 9 and 10 is a chance to 5. 6. 7. 8. if any of these summes nick it not.
A Nick, is when the chance is the same to the Main, as 5 to 5. 6 and 6. 7. and 7.
Out, that is 12 out to 9. Also seaven fiue and eleuen is out to nyne, 8. 6 and 5. Ames-Ace and Duce-ace are out to all maines whatsoeuer. Where note that 7 being the main, the caster throws 5, that is his chance, and so hath fiue to seauen; if he throw his chance he wins all the money was set him; but if he throw seaven which was the main, he must pay as much money as is one the board, so that this game will speedily make a man or vndoe him; so that I may conclud and count him happy that neuer hath heard the name hereof; and much more that neuer was drawn In to be a Practitioner.
The Royal Oake Lottery is an other kinde of Game after the maner of dice play, but is with the cast of a Ball made of Ivory consisting of 32 squares, which being cast out of a cup, runs through the body of a tree, and soe into a Box: what figure is vp, that person wins 28 tymes as much as he ventured to lay vpon that figure on the table. If vpon halfe the figures, then 14 tymes as much. If vpon the quarter of foure figures, if any of those foure cam vp in the cast of the ball, the venturer had 7 tymes so much, as he layd downe; whether gold or siluer, sixpences, shillings, crowns, or pounds, &c.
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Chapter 16, Item 37a
Chess terms
Of the Game of Chesse, and the termes vsed.
It is a Royall Game, and more difficult to be vnderstood then any other game whatsoeuer, and will take vp sometymes in playing so long a tyme, that two artists may play a fortnight by tymes before a game be ended. And indeed were it not too serious a recreation, goeing beyond the nature of Games, it might well beseeme a King; because therein are comprised all the strategems of warre, or plots of civill state. I shall only lay downe some breife terms used therein, referring to those who haue written more largly vpon that subject.
The King is the first and highest of all the chesse pins, of which there are two, a white one and a black one, each haueing as their attendant, a Bishop, a Knight, a Rook, and foure Pawns. His draught is from his owne house to the next to him any way that is either empty or where he may surprise an vngarded enimie. se numb.48.
The Queene is the next pin in height to the King: of which there are two, a white and a black one: each Queen haueing for her attendants, a Bishop, a Knight, a Rooke, and foure Pawns. In the play she walks vniuersall, for she goes the draught of all the subsequent peeces, the Knight excepted.
The Bishops are the pins, with cloven heads. In the play they walke alwayes in the same colour of the feild that they are first placed in, and so goes forward backward, asloap, euery way where he lists; provided that the way be cleare betweene him and the place he intends to goe to.
The Knights are the pins which haue their heads cut aslant like a feather in an helmet. In the play they skip forward, backwards, and on either side from the place he stands into the next sue one on a different colour, with sideling march or a sloap. Thus he kills his enimies, guards his friends, and checks the King of the aduerse party.
The Rooks are the pins which haue round buttoned caps on their heads, and these signifie the countrey peasants. In the play these go backward and forward in any file, and crosse ways too and fro in any rank as far as he will, so that noe piece stand before him and the place where he would goe. Thus he gards himselfe, and check the aduerse King also.
The Pawns are all alike, and each noble man hath one of them to wait vpon him. In the placeing of these and the noble men vpon the board each stand vpon a square, which are termed houses, in opposition one to the another, the white against the black. The nobles in the lowest rank, and the pawns in the second.
In their march the Pawns goe forward, one house at once only, and neuer backward, or make any retreat. The maner of takeing men is sideways in the next house forward on either side.
A check, is when the King of the aduerse party is so bound vp that he cannot remoue himselfe which is the finishing of the game. Check is also a word of notice for the King to look to himselfe.
A Mate, is when the King checked hath no power to remoue, or course the man to cause him to be take, which is the end of the game.
A Pawn check, is when the check is put vpon the King (that he cannot shun) by the pawns, and so of the rest as Bishop check, Knight check, &c.
A Pawn mate, is when it is not in the Kings power to moue but is kept in by the pawn or pawns.
A Guard, is when the men so assist and back one another that the aduerse part cannot take any of them; hence it is that one taken is termed, an enimie vngarded.
A Fork or dilemma, is a way of takeing a chesse man, by runing vp a pawn to the rank next two great men of the aduerse part standing in one rank with a house betweene them, where if one be saued, the other wilbe taken.
A check by discouery, is when the King is weakly or not at all garded, and so in danger to be checkt.
A remove, is the passing of a chesse man, from one house to another, as he ought to goe.
A double remove, is to advance a man two houses at a tyme which is allowed at the first seting out of the men.
A Scholars mate, is a game lost, which might haue bine prevented by any but a yong player.
A Blind mate, is when there is a mate, and yet is not perceiued, but only giues you notice of a check. This is the Loss of a Game.
A stale, is a mate and noe mate, an end of the play but no end of the game, because it should properly be ended with a Check-mate. This is when a King is brought to such a strait that hath but one place to fly vnto, where the vnadvised pursuer doth bar him off or stop it without checking him, which is a lost game to him that doth it.
A check-mate, is when he that follows a flying King, giues him a check as long as he hath any place to fly to; but when he hath none left to avoid his check, let him say check-mate, and the game is won.
A dead Game, is an endlesse end of a Game, where all the men are taken saue the two Kings, which are vnable to come so neere as to grapple, so the game is ended, but the stakes on both sides are saved.
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Chapter 16, Item 37b
Chess laws
Chesse play Laws.
1. The first remoue is an advantage, and therefore the players must draw who must haue the first draught, which is done with a white and black man distributed into either hand and offered the opponent which he must chuse; if he light vpon his owne man, the first draught is his.
2. But when a game is ended and a Mate giuen, the winner is to haue the first draught of the next game who gaue the former mate.
3. What peice or man soeuer of your owne you touch or lift from its place, you must play it for that draught where you can; and into what house you set it, there it must stand for that draught. For touch and take; and out of hand and stand.
4. If your aduersary play a false draught and you se it not till you haue playd your next draught, it will be then too late to challenge him for it.
5. If you play a false draught through mistake, and your aduersary take no notice for his advantage, and play his next draught, you cannot recall it.
6. If you misplace your men, and so play a while, and then discouer it, it lies in your aduersaries power to continue, or begin the game againe.
7. Pawns may be playd a double remoue forward for the first draught.
8. If a King stand in check, and you haue playd a draught or more with out avoiding the check; your adversary may say, check to you when he listeth, and for your draught then make you avoid the check you stand in, though it be to your great perill.
9. If any lay a wager with an other that he will mate, or win the game, and the same be brought to a dead game, yet he loseth the wager though he haue his stake.
10. He that giues ouer the game before it is finished, without the consent of his aduersary, loseth his stake.
11. If you take vp your aduersaries man, and after thinke best to let it stand vntaken, before you set your piece in place thereof; you must cry him mercy, or lose the game.
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Chapter 16, Item 37c
Draughts
The Game of Draughts.
The draughts board, is generally made on the back of all playing tables, because the table men serue for this Game; this as well as the chess board consists of 8 square in a ranke, and so many in a file: each contrary coloured white and black. And the play with the table men are all to go straight forward and them at the back are to secure their fore men, else the aduerse parties men will Hufe them (that is take them off as slaine men) and those men as break through the other and come to the opposite side of the table are then made Kings and so may march any way backwards or forwards, and thus the Gamesters must shift for tyme till one side haue all his men Huffed, which is the lose of the Game. It is a game much like the chesse play.
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Chapter 16, Item 40a
Game of goose
The Royall or pleasant Game of the Goose.
This game is after the same nature as the snake only ouer some particular holes (as are vnder mentioned) are set some Images of things, as
Ouer the 5. figure on the snakes back, is painted the figure of a Bird: ouer the 6. figure the shape of a Bridge, ouer 8. a ship, ouer 9. a bird regardant, ouer 14. a bird, our 18. a bird, ouer 19. an inne house, ouer 23. a swan regardant, ouer 27. a bird, ouer 28. two dice or cards one charged with six the other three diamonds, ouer 31. a draw well, ouer 32. a bird, ouer 36. a swan, ouer 41. a bird, ouer 43. a laberinth, ouer 45. a bird, ouer 50. a bird, ouer 52. a castle, ouer 54. a swan, ouer 55. two dice or cards on a fiue, the other a four of the diamons, ouer 57. a death head, and ouer 59. a Bird.
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Chapter 16, Item 40b
Game of goose rules
The Rules to be obserued in this Game are as followeth.
1. As may as please may play with a paire of dice, and euery one stakeing: they throw for the begining.
2. He as throws 6 and 3 at the first, must go to the number 28 and if he throw 5 and 4 then to the number 55 for euery such advantage adde a stake to the rest.
3. He that throws to a Goose must double his chance forward from his last place.
4. He as throws 6 must pay a stake for his passage ouer the Bridge, and go to the number 12.
5. He that throws where the Ale-house is, must pay a stake and drink, till euery hath thrown once.
6. He that throws to 31. Where the well is must pay a stake, and stay there till euery one haue playd twice, unless some other throw the same, by which he is deliuered.
7. He that throws 43. Where the Maze is, payes one and returnes back to the numb:29.
8. He that throws to 52, where the prison is, must pay one and stay there till some other bring him out.
9. He that Goes to 57. Where death is, must pay one and begin againe.
10. He that is ouer taken by an other, must return to his place that ouer took him, and both must pay.
11. He that ouer throweth the number 63. must turn back againe, and count his throw from the begining.
12. He that throws the Just number 63 wins the game.
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Chapter 16, Item 46a
Bowling
Bowling is a Game, or recreation which if moderately used very healthfull for the body, and would be much more commendable then it is, were it not for those swarms of Rooks, which so pester Bowling greens, where in three things are thrown away by such persons, besides the Bowls, viz: Tyme, Money, and Curses, and the last ten for one.
Seuerall places for Bowling.
First, Bowling greens, are open wide places made smooth and euen, these are generally palled or walled about.
Secondly, Bares, are open wide places on Mores or commons.
Thirdly, Bowling-alleys, are close places, set apart in made more for privett persons, than publick uses.
Fourthly, Table Bowling, this is, Tables of a good length in Halls or dineing roomes, on which for exercise and diuertisement gentlemen and their assosiates bowle with little round balls or bullets.
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Chapter 16, Item 46b
Bowls rules
Orders agreed upon by Gentlemen Bowlers.
1. That noe high heeles enter for spoiling the green, they forfeit 6d.
2. That all gentlemen and betters that play or come to bett, shall pay no more for their entrance, but 6d apeece.
3. That were the Jack is plaid, the footing to be where it is found dureing the game.
4. That all stamping or smoothing is barred.
5. That none giue ground but the players.
6. That no one stand beyond the Jack.
7. That no player, or other cross an other mans bowle in the runing.
8. That there be no leading the Jack further then a reasonable throw.
9. That all controversies shal be censured by the gentlemen themselues.
10. That the breach of any of these Orders shalbe 6d. to the green keeper.
11. That if any gentleman haue none with him to take up his bowles, the Alley keeper to find servants, to be rewarded according to pleasure.
12. That for euery Lurch 6d. to be paid by the player or players which lose, to be the Alley keepers.
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Chapter 16, Item 46c
Bowls types
Several sorts of Bowles.
Where note in Bowling the chusing of the Bowls is the greatest cunning, for
Flat Bowles, are best for close Narrow alleys.
Round Byassed Bowles for open grounds of advantage.
Bowles as round as a ball for green swarths that are plain and Levell.
Chees-cake bowles, which are round and flat like cheeses.
Jack Bowles, little bowles cast forth to bowl att, of some termed a Block.
Studded Bowles, such as are sett full of pewter nayles, and are used to run at streight Markes.
Marvels, or round Ivory balls, used by gentlemen to play on long tables, or smooth board Romes.
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Chapter 16, Item 46d
Bowls terms
Terms used by Bowlers.
Cast out the Jack or block, is to throw it out, that it may be bowled at.
The Trigg, or foot of the Trigg, is the place or mark on which the players are to set one foot, when they deliuer their Bowles.
A cast of a Bowl, is one throw of a Bowl; else a cast is oft taken for the runing of a Bowl.
An end, or got the end, is the wining of one, two, or more, on that throwing out of the Jack.
A cast is one got of the number of the game.
A Game, is at Bowls 5. Very rearly among gamesters doth exceed that number, except agreed vpon to make 7 or 9 up.
Up, or up cast, is the end of the Game, the wining of the betts.
A Rub, is a stop in the bowls runing.
Narrow, is when a Bowl ouer holds, or that runs too much on the Bias side.
Too wide, when the Bowl is thrown out to a greater compass then the Bias will draw.
Ouerthrown, or ouer cast, is when the Bowl lieth behind the block.
Short, when it lyes between the Bowler and the block.
Strike, or strike him out, is to throw a strong throw to put a bowl out of his place.
Rubber, is two games, either woon or lost.
Bowl out the Rubber, is to bowl a third Game for the betts, when the players haue gotten one apeece.
Cast, Board, and Game, are three sorts of betts and winings in one Game; and in this, the betts are neuer laid, but one side is two and the other none, if 5 be the game. Or at three and none if 7 be the game. In which bett, a Cast is the first end woon after the bett is layd.
Board, is when the players are at an euen number as 2. 3. Or 4 apeece.
Game is the wining of the Game.
A Lurch, is when one party of the players, get not one cast in the game.
Back Lurch, is when one side is 4 for none, and yet the contrary part wins the game, by getting 5 cast together, or one after an other.
Rovers.
Bias, is either Brass or pewter put into one side of the Bowl to make it run more on that side then on the other.
Counter bias, is to keep the great Bias, from drawing too much being smaller Bias set on the contrary side.
There is no aduising by writing how to Bowl, practice must be your best tutor, which must aduise you of the riseings fallings and seuerall aduantages that are to be had in the Game; Onely haue a care, that you be not rookt of your money; and goe not to these places unseasonably, that is when more weighty business requires your being at home or else where.
The best sport in it, is the Gamester antique postures, and his is best and enjoys most pleasure, that is a looker on and betts nothing. For neuer did mimick screw his body into halfe the formes these men do theirs; and it is an Article of their creed, that the bending of the body, screwing in of the shoulder, Hooking the back, with veriaty of other postures, is sufficient to hinder the ouer speed of the bowl: or the runing after it, clapping the hands, or treading the ground, with flee, flee, adds any thing to its speed; or on the contrary crying short, short, as if the bowls thereby would be intreated for a good cast.
It is the best discouery of Humours, and in that a fit emblem for the world, where most are short, ouer, wide, or wrong biassed, and but some few Justle into the mistress Fortune. Here also you may obserue veriaty of tempers, some Frett, Rail swear, and cavell at euery thing, others reioyce and laugh, as if that were the sole design of their recreation: and to conclude here it is, as in the court where the neerest are the most spighted; and all Bowls aim at one the other to turn it out of place.
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Chapter 16, Item 47b
Card games, principal
The principall games at cards.
1. Picket, is a game playd without deuces, treys, fours, and fiues, the rest being 36 are dealt to 12 cards which are for exchanging.
The Ace is 11. all the other cards are numbred to the spots they beare, each discards out of his hand, and receiues as many from the stock.
A Blank is ten. A ruffe, is one for euery ten in the number of the ruffe.
A sequence of three cards is 3, of foure is 4, and of fiue cards is 15, and for six is 16, and so vpwards.
A Ternary as three aces, 3 Kings, and 3 Queens which is numbred for three casts.
A Quaternary, is four aces, or 4 Kings, which is accounted for each 14. After these account then the cards are playd as at whisk, best takeing vp the other, and for euery Ace, King, Queene, Knave, and ten 1 is recouered and the last trick is two, if more with a ten; if vnder then but 1.
To wine in playing more then his owne cards is 10, but he that wins all the cards reckons 40.
2. Gleek, is a game playd without duces, and Treys, and is played only by thre person, with counters at a Farthing, halfe peny, &c. the dozen.
Deale the cards by foure, tell each haue twelfe apeece, the stock card is turned vp, which is the dealers, but if Tibb be turned vp, it is foure apeece from each to the dealer.
The Ace is 15 in hand and 18 in play, which is called Tib. Tom the Knave of trumps is 9. Tiddy is 4. Towser 5. Tumbler is 6. and all double if turned vp. The King and Queene of trumps is 3 apeece.
The eldest hand bids for the stock, he that bids most takes it, and layeth so many of his owne cards, giueing to each gamster 8 counters.
The Ruffe is most of a suit which is ..... [sic] but if any haue foure Aces, it gains the ruffe be you neuer so many. A Mournivall of Aces is 8, of Kings it is 6, of four Queens it is 4, and of Knaves it is 2 counters apeece. If you win but your owne cards in play you lose 10, if you haue Tib, Tom, King, and Queene of trumps you haue 30 by honors, besides the cards you win by them in play, which euery one aboue 22 is 12 counters for euery card.
3. Cribbage, is a game to be playd by two persons, haueing fiue cards apeece, delt out one by one, out of which fiue cards each party casts out two cards; then one is turne vp of the stock which both make use of to help them in their game.
The Value of the cards is thus; any 15 vpon two or three cards is 2, a paire is 2 a paire Royall is 6, a double paire Royall or a purtante is 12, sequence of three cards is 2, of foure is 4, of fiue is 5. A Flush of three is 3, of foure cards it is 4, &c. Knave Noddy is in the hand 1 and in the turnvp 2. These noted downe then proceed to play, which in the laying downe if you make 15, for which you haue 2 as aforesaid, so playing on to make it 31, which whosoeuer by laying comes neerest vnto hath one cast, if you can make it 31, it is two casts towards the game, and in this playing of your cards you may make paires, sequences, flushes, pair-royalls, as the valew aforesaid, else not.
From the cribb the dealer makes what he can of the cards according to the account and valew of the cards, in the fore-game.
4. Ruffe and Honors, and Whisk, which are generally, amongst the Vulgar,
termed Trump. It is playd by two or four persons, at which ten tricks make vp the game. It is playd with the duces in, or cast out, each party haueing 12 cards dealt him by foure at a tyme. The Bottome or turne vp card is the Trump, and so are all of that suit. If there remaine a stock, he that hath the Ace of trumps may cast out foure cards and take the stock into his hands.
The foure Honors are the Ace, the King, Queene and Knave. They that haue three haue two tricks, if you and your partner haue them all foure, it is foure tricks, or 16 cards.
If either side be woning 8 tricks, he hath the benefite of calling, Can ye, which if they haue honors in the following dealing then the game is vp: but if the partners forget to call tell a cast be playd, the benefite is lost for that dealing. Whisk is the same to Ruffe, leauing out the honors and onely makeing it a game by the playing of the cards with trumps, as aforesaid.
5. Bone-Ace, or one and thirty Bone-Ace, is a game that may be playd with 8. 9. 10. or Lesse or more according as the cards will permitt. Euery gamster hath dealt to him 2 cards and the third turned vp, and so goes round. He that hath the biggest card carries the Bone, that is a third part of the stake (or an halfe if they lay not to the head). Here note that the Ace of hearts is Bone-Ace, which being turned vp wins all the staks both the bone the game and crowne if not, then by drawing of cards from the stock the neerest to 31. gaine the Game, if he be one and thirty wins the two thirds, as afore mentioned.
6. Put, and High Game. It is playd onely by two persons haueing one card apeece till there be three delt, Five vp or a put is the common game; he that hath a good game, puts to his Antagonist, if the other will not nor deare not se him; he giues him a cast: if he will se him then they play and whosoeuer gets two of the three tricks wins the game and all is vp. The Ace, duce, and Trey, are the best cards at this game.
7. Lanterloo, is a game 3. 4. 5. 6. or more may play at it, he haueing the best put card deales, to whom he giues 5 cards apeece. Trumps are as at whisk the best cards. In play you must not revoke, and if you win neuer a card you are Loo'd, and then must lay downe to stak so much for your fiue cards, as you plaid vpon them, and here note that he who hath fiue cards of a shute in his hand Loo's all the rest, and sweeps the Board. If there be two Loo's the eldest hand carrieth it.
8. Noddy, and Cribbidge=Noddy. 2 or 4 persons may play at it, 61. being vp, Each person hath 3 cards and one turned vp to which he makes as many casts as he can.
They are thus markett, Flatt back or King of Spads is six, Countenance or Queen of Hearts, four, Knave of the trumps 2, Knave of Hearts 5, a paire 4, paire Riall 12, a paire Taunt 24. Euery fifteene as you can make is 2 and euery twenty fiue is 2. In playing downe the cards you haue the same aduantage of 15. 25. paires &c.
9. Penneech, this game hath 7 cards apeece, and a card turned vp which is Trump. Then play and he that wins the first trick turns vp an other card and that is trump; and so euery trick produceth a new trump till all the seaven are playd.
An Ace or coate card of trumps are thus reconned, the Ace is 5. a King is 4. a Queene is 3., and a Knave 2. and when the last card is won, a card is turned vp, which if a King, Queene, &c. they are reconned accordingly.
The 7 of diamonds turned vp is penneech and reconned 14. and in hand 7. If diamond be trump then it wins all other cards, if not it wins all diamons.
For euery card you haue won more then your owne seaven, set downe one cast for euery card.
10. Post and Paire is a game played thus, first stake at Post, then at Paire, after deale two cards, then stake at the seat, and then deale the third card about.
The eldest hand may passe and com in againe, if any of the gamsters vye it, else the dealer may play it out, or double it. The Ace of trumps as at Ruffe is the best card, and so the rest in Order. At Post the best cards are 21. viz: two tens and an Ace, but a paire royall wins all, both Post, Paire and Seat.
Spualine an Irish game.
Aceum produceum.
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Chapter 16, Item 47c
Card games, minor
There are diuerse other games play vpon the cards as the L'Ombre a Spanish game. All Foure, a game much used in Kent; the French Ruffe; Five cards an irish game: costly colours. Witt and Reason a game so called. The Art of Memory. Plaindealing if any such game can be. Banka-fa-lett, and the Game at Beast, with diuerse petty things in cards more which were endlesse to reiterate, onely I haue giue a hint of these ten in most use about vs.
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Chapter 16, Item 47d
Card games terms
Terms used by Gamsters In the seuerall Games at cards.
Lifting, is to take vp some card of the deck to find out the dealer.
Shuffle.
Cut.
A set, Is the number agreed vpon to be the end of the game, whether 3. 5. 7. 11. 21. 61. Or 100, according as the game is.
A blanke in dealing, is to haue neuer a face card in your hand, as King, Queene, or Knave.
To discard, is to change what cards is in your hands (according as the game requires) for as many from the deck. Some call it exchange.
The Stock, is the cards that remaine after the dealing is done.
The Ruffe, is how many can be made of one suite, as hearts, spads &c.
A Sequence, is 3 or 4 cards, following in number one after an other as 1. 2. 3; 3. 4. 5. 6. &c.
A Tierce, is a sequence of three cards.
A Quart, is a sequence of 4 cards.
A Quint, is a sequence of 5 cards.
A Sexism, is a sequence of 6 cards.
A Septeism, is a sequence of 7 cards.
A Huietism, is a sequence of 8 cards.
A Neufiesm is a sequence of 9 cards.
A Tierce Major, is the sequence of Queen, King and Ace in Picket, and of Knave, Queene and King in other games.
A Ternary, is 3 cards of a sort, as 3 aces, 3 Kings, 3 Knaves, &c.
A Quarternary or Quatorzes are fore cards of a sort.
A Suite, is so many cards of Hearts, or all spads, or all clubs &c.
A Trick, is as many cards as is won at one laying downe either at the game of Whisk or Picket: &c.
A Picy in the game of Picket, is for a man to make in his one hand by blank, ruff, sequances, Aces, Kings and play, &c. the number of 30 before the other hath reconned 60. This is a Picy.
A Repicy, is to make 30 in a hand, without playing a card, for his 30 he shall reconn 90. And what he gets by play to be added to it.
A Capet, is in playing the cards, to win all the cards from the other partie.
Tib (in the game of Gleek) is the Ace of the card turned vp after the dealing.
Tiddy is the foure of trumps.
Trump card, is the card turned vp after dealing, either in Gleek, Whisk, or cribbich Noddy &c., or any card of that suit is a trump card.
Towser, is the fifth of the trumps.
Tumbler, is the sixth of the trumps.
A Mournivall of Aces, Kings, Queenes or Knaves, is all the 4 Aces &c.
A Gleeke of Aces, are 3. And so of King, Queens, and Knaves.
A Crib, is the foure card cast out at the game of cribbidge, which are not to be seen by either party till the playing be ouer.
Play.
Cast.
A Paire, is two cards of a sort, as 2 Kings, 2 Aces, 2 tens, &c.
A Paire Royall is three cards of a sort.
A double Paire royall or a Paire-Taunt, is foure cards of a sort.
A Flush of three or foure, is 3 or 4 cards all of a suit, as clubs, &c.
Knave Noddy, is a Knave of the same suit to the card turned vp.
Bilkt, is when (in the game of cribbidge) the dealer can make nothing out of his crib, some tyme he is bilkt both in hand and crib.
Reuokeing, Reneging, or Renouncing is in playing that you do not cast downe or follow suit when you haue it in your hand.
Honors, are the 4 trump cards in Ruffe and Honor, which are the Ace, King, Queene, and Knave.
Honors split, is when they are equally diuided amongst the Gamsters.
A Tye, is when at put each partie wins a trick, and the third is neither won or lost, being both cards alike.
Fat-back is the King of Spads in the game of Noddy.
Countenance, the Queene of Hearts.
Roger, Knave of hearts.
The Vye, is what you please to adventure as a wage, in Post and Paire.
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Chapter 16, Item 47e
Card games laws
The generall laws of card playing.
He that from the deck or pack of card heaves the least card deales, which is called lifting.
He that is the dealer shuffles the cards, and the other cuts.
He that deales more cards then is due looseth his dealing.
A card once played must not be recalled except he haue a card of the same suit in his hand.
He that forgets to recon his game and set it on, and hath begun to play his cards cannot recall it, but must losse it.
He that misreckons any thing in his game and it be found out, he is to losse his account and his adversary to haue it added to his. None are permitted to change cards with the stock, twice in one dealing.
In playing your cards you are to say nothing, but I passe, or I play, when you play your Queene to hinder your partner from takeing it with the King.
He that playeth before his turn, loseth one cast, vnlesse it be the last card of all his dealing.
He that is found changing or takeing back againe any of his cards, is to lose the game, or that cast, or set at least.
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Chapter 16, Item 47f
False cards
Names giuen to false and chating cards.
Bent cards, are such as are bended in play to mark how to cut the cards.
Slict, or slick cards, are such put cards as are slick with a slick ston, that comeing to cut, the rest of the cards will slip off the smooth one.
Breefs, are cards cut, that by the direction of them they can cut the head to any card they please.
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Chapter 16, Item 48a
Nine pins game
Game of nyne pins.
The Game at cales or nyne pins, is a fine recreation and is much for the exercise of the body, it is performed by nyne pins set in a square three euery way, so fare asunder that a bowle may any way run betweene them and not much more; if you can with the Bowle strik down the midle pin (which is called the King) it is ten of the game, but if any fall with it, it is noe more then a single peg. Margery is a peg set at a distance from the nyne pins; if it be stricken down by the way it is fiue of the game, the whole set being 31, which if any hit downe more, he is out and hath lost the game; or else must begin again at 15 and his throw, if it be so agreed vpon. These are all the termes I know or haue heard, used at this game.
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