Musical instruments Book III, Chapter 16, Section 1a
Chapter 16, Item 1a
Organ parts
The seuerall parts of an Organ.
The Bellows, which sends forth wind to the wind Chest, throw the conveyancer.
The Wind Chest, that receiues the wind to convey it to the pipes.
The Sound board.
The Spring of the Pallatts.
The Pallatts.
The Strikers.
The Keys, which are 32 in number, are those by which the Organ is played vpon, whose seuerall names se in the virginalls. n.10.
The Conveyance, or conveyancer, is the place where the winde goes from the bellowes to the wind chest.
The Stopps, which are generaly 3 or 4 and do stop euery set of pipes from sounding, haue such a stop or set of pipes which the Organist will haue to sound.
The Pipes.
The Wast pipe.
The set or stop of pipes, are 32 in
number, a pipe for each key and there
may be in an Organ 4 sets or stops of
pipes, which are all seaven notes distante
one from the other, which are thus named:
The Diapazon stop is the bigest and
deepest set of pipes.
The Flute stop, which pipes being
open is the flute stop: if stopt or
couered on the open end, is the recorder
stop.
The Fifteenth, is a stop of pipes,
which is 15 notes distant from the diapazon stop.
The two and twentieth, is a stop of
pipes which is 22 notes distant from the
diapazon pipe.
The Case or box, that which compasseth the pipes.
The Doores, or lids, which being
opened the Keys and pipes appear.
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Chapter 16, Item 3a
Organ pipe parts
The seuerall parts of an Organ pipe.
The pipe, is all and euery part
furnished for use.
The nose is the small end.
The Languid, is the stop in the round
of the pipe.
The Mouth is the hole in the side
which causeth the sound by the cuting
of the wind.
The open end or top of the pipe.
The stop of the pipe, is when the
great end is couered.
The halfe stop, is when it is but halfe
couered.
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Chapter 16, Item 5a
Psalter parts
Parts of a Psalter.
The Reed.
The first peece.
The midle or Garnish.
The Bottom peece.
The Holes, which are six aboue and
2 vnder, which being stopt or open haue
their terms according [to] the Musicall
notes before mentioned Cha:3 n.62.
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Chapter 16, Item 7a
Bandore parts
The parts of a Bandore.
The head
The ---
The peggs.
The neck.
The Fretts
The belly
The Florish or flower.
The bridge.
The Bowell strings.
The pins to which the strings are
fastned.
The back.
The sides.
The Bow, is the stick furnished, by
which the Instrument is played on the
Nutt.
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Chapter 16, Item 8a
Types of viol
Of the Viol de Gambo, or consort
viol, there are three sorts each size one
larger than the other, according to the
three parts of Musick set forth in the
Gam-vt that is to say.
The Basse Viol, called also a Viol.
It plays the largest part in all consorts of Musick: it is usually strung
with six strings, whose names are these.
The treble string, which is the first
and smalest: but according to the rule
of the Gam-vt, it is the D la sol re
string.
The smal mean; or A la mi re string,
is the second.
The great mean; or E la mi string,
is the third.
The counter-tenor; or C fa ut string,
is the fourth.
The Tenor or Gam-vt string, is the
fift.
The Bass, or double D sol re, is the
sixt string.
There are three sorts of Bass viols,
as there are three maners of wayes in
playing. First the Bass Viol for consort, which is one of the largest size,
and the strings proportionable.
The second is a Bass Viol for divisions.
which is of a lesser size, and the strings
accordingly.
The third is a Bass Viol to play Lyraway, that is by Tablature, it is somewhat
lesse then the two former, and strung
proportionably.
2. The Tenor Viol, is somewhat
larger then the treble Viol, it playeth
the midle part of the Lesson, it is
vsually strung with 4 strings.
3. The Treble Viol, it plays the highest part in a Lesson: and is somewhat
lesse then the tenor viol; it with the
violin and treble violin, are generally
called only Viols, though there be
degrees in their bignesse one from the
other; they haue generally foure strings;
and on the neck, or finger-board, is
placed six frets.
The names of the strings, the first, is
called the treble: the second, the small
mean: the third, the great mean: the
fourth, the Basse string. The frets are
named after the six letters of the Alphabet in their order, the first fret is B.
the second, C. the third, D. the fourth,
E. the fift, F. the sixt, G. The letter A.
is not assigned to any fret, but is the
strings open.
The Violet or Violin, a deminitive
of the viol, being a very small Instrument, yet in all respects answereth to
the forme of the Treble Viole in the
body; but long in the neck and finger
board.
The names of the strings, the first, is
called the treble: the second, the small
mean: the third, the great mean: the
fourth, the Basse string. the frets are
named after the six letters of the Alphabet in their order, the first fret is B.
the second C. the third, D. the fourth,
E. the fift, F. the sixt, G. The letter A.
is not assigned to any fret, but is the
string open.
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Chapter 16, Item 8b
Viol parts
The seuerall parts of a Viol.
The whole Instrument complaitly
furnished, according to its bignesse (as
I haue shewed you) hath seuerall
denominations yet all haue their deriuation from the terme of a viole, all other
names giuen it, proceeds from it consort, as Treble-viole, Tenor-viole, Base viole, and then some giue it the terme
of a Lyra viole, consort-viole.
The florish, or top of the head.
The head where the pin holes are.
The pins 1. 2. 3. 4.
The strings 1. 2. 3. 4.
The neck, the back of the finger
board.
The finger board.
The belly.
The Bridg, that holds vp the strings.
The Taile peece, that as the strings
are fastned unto.
The S'es of the belly, or round holes.
The Rime.
The back.
The peg that holds taile peece.
The sound post, within the belly.
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Chapter 16, Item 9a
Poliphant
The Poliphant, is an Instrument
made much like a Lute, but it is strung
with wyre.
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Chapter 16, Item 9b
Lute parts
The parts of a Lute.
The peggs.
The neck.
The Fretts.
The Belly.
The ---.
The Bridge.
The strings.
The back, which is round.
The ribbs.
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Chapter 16, Item 10a
Virginal parts
The seuerall parts in a Virginall.
The case, is the outward couer of it.
The couer or lid.
The fore board, or falling lid.
The Box and couer, in which the
wyre and wrest are kept.
The face board which stands ouer the
Keys and is to be pulled vp and set
downe.
The Keys are them which the player
toucheth with his fingers, to make the
strings sound, which are 36 in number*:
yet some are of 28. Keys, whose names
are by the Artists thus set downe.
| E la | |
| D la sol | C sol fa |
| B fa B mi | A la mi re |
| G sol re ut | F fa ut |
| E la mi | D la sol re |
| C sol fa ut. | B fa B mi |
| C sol fa ut. | D la sol re |
| A la mi re | B fa B mi |
| F fa ut | G sol re ut |
| D sol re | E la mi |
| B mi | C fa ut |
| Gama ut. | A re |
| G sol re ut | F fa ut |
* With sharps and Flatts, the short keys generall termed flats and haueing so many keys are called double Virginalls.
The Jacks are them as rise vp in the belly of the virginall, when the key is touched with the finger. Now these are not without it seuerall parts, as, The tongue.
The pen, a peece of quill set in the tongue.
The spring, a Bristle to keep the tongue vpright in the Jack.
The --- which the tongue hangs or plays vpon.
The strings, which are all whyte and
yellow wyre.
The Bridge on which the strings lye.
The pins, which winds vp the strings.
The --- or board in which all the
strings are set.
The --- are wyer ends, on
which the strings are fastned with a nuce
or noose.
The Bridg ouer the Jacks.
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Chapter 16, Item 10c
Clavicord
There are Instruments much like
these called Claricords, and others
called claricymballs or Clave-cymbals,
a small sort of virginalls; and are soe
called because the strings are wrested
or wound up with a clavis a Key.
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Chapter 16, Item 12a
Dulcimer parts
The parts of a Dulcimer.
It is a flat hollow instrument broader
before then behind, on the lift hand it
hath crooked wiers to hold the strings
on. The right hand hath 12 treble pins
of Iron or Brasse to screw wiers vp to
Musick height: in all 36 strings.
It hath 2 Bridges each haueing 5
squares, or Hollows cut out of them,
with a strong yellow wier fastned all
along the top of the Bridges.
The wiers are placed by threes
together and where they lie on the
bridge, in the next they go through the
hollow and so come to the pins to be
wound vp: and the next 3 in number,
go first through one bridge and ouer
the other, and thus contrary one to the
other are they (by three together) set
through the whole Instrument.
The Roses which are only two, are
garnishes or for sounding, set on the
top board.
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