11. I must again Beg an excuse for the neglect of omitting some Instruments belonging to the Ale and Beer-Brewers Art or Mistery, which I have set here together, what was wanting in the former place, chap.6. numb.75.
Trow
CXX. He beareth a Trowe, or Beer Brewers Trow or Dray.
This is a thing drawn by
an Horse, having only sides and Axel-tree and Wheels,
with overthwart pieces to hold all together, between
which pieces Barrels of Beer are usually laid to be carried
from the Store-house to the Customers house.
Cooper's axe
Image from published plateCXX. In the Base of this Quarter is the true shape of the Coopers Axe, none of those before mentioned being drawn true, the Graver having overlooked them all: This is made sans Hawme. [Belongs in preceding section]
Brewer's comb
CXXI. He beareth a Comb, or a Brewers
Working Comb, or Yelling Comb.
The Yelling Comb or Tub is that Vessel into the
which the Wort is put to Work with the Yeast, or
Bearm.
Brewer's slings
The Slings are a strong thick, yet short Pole, not
above a yard and a half long, to the middle is fixed
a strong Plate with a hole in which is put a Hook with
an head, which will turn any way after the manner of
a Twerl: On this Hook is fastned two other short
Chains with broad pointed Hooks, with them clasping
the ends of the Barrels above the heads, the Barrel is
lifted up, and born by two Men to any place, as is
shewed, chap.5. numb.146.
Brewer's thorn
The third thing in this quarter, and set in the sinister
side, is termed the Brewers Thorn with the Tap
Staff through the middle of it. This is a thing set
over the hole in the bottom of the Brewing Comb,
with the Staff in the hole to keep that no Liquor run
out, but when the Master pleaseth; the Thorn keeping
that none of the Grains run out with the Wort: It being (as it were) a strainer over the hole, to keep the
Wort from the Malt, at the drawing of it out into the
Trough or Drawing Comb.
Valentia
CXXII. He beareth in this quarter, an Instrument
belonging to the Vintner or Merchant, called a Valentia; and three other belonging to the Brewer, the
Tunning Dish, the Cooling Vessel, and the
Bearing Staff.
The first being the Valentia, is a Pipe made of Silver or Tin, round and taper, and hollow withal, with a small Pipe at the large end, and an hole at the bottom: This being put in the Bung-hole of either Wine or Beer, or any other Liquor will fill it self immediately, which being stopped with your Thumb in the higher hole, will keep it in the said Valentia, hold it never so much down; till you give it Air by removing your Thumb off the hole, then it will run into a Taster or Glass, or what else you please, till you stop the hole again with your Thumb, as beforesaid.
Tunning dish
The second is a Tunning Dish, some term it a
Fulling or Filling Dish; for by the help of it Liquor is poured into Vessels with small holes, without the
least shew of spilling, by putting the Pipe of the Dish into the hole of the Vessel, and so
pouring the Liquor into the Dish, which immediately runs into the Vessel.
Cooling vessel
The third is a kind of a cooling Vessel, having an
oval like broad bottom with ebb sides; I draw this from
an Ancient Coat of Arms, ...
all coolers have an hole at one side
in the bottom.
Bearing staff
The fourth is a Bearing Staff, by which empty
Barrels are carried by Servants from place to place, by
fixing the ends of the Staff into the Barrels at the Bung
holes, and so putting the middle of the Staff on his
Shoulder.
Brewer's pump
CXXIII. He beareth in this quarter, a Brewers
Pump set in a Stone Trough; and the use is this,
when the Malt in the Comb is sufficiently masht and
soked with the Boiled Water, then it is drawn out from
the Grain into the Stone Trough set under the Comb,
out of which place it is Pumped into a Wooden
Trough through which it runs into the Drawing
Comb, or into the Copper Brewing Pan, to
have a second boiling.
Running trough
The second is the form or fashion of the Brewers
running Trough, or Gutter Trough, by which
the Liquor is conveyed from one Vessel to another, as
you heard before.
Water bags
The third is the Brewers or Water-Leaders
Water-Baggs: They are only used in Chester, and
not any other place as ever I saw or heard; they are
carried upon Horses, and was a part of the Antient Coat,
and is still owned to this day of the Company of Water
Leaders in the City of Chester, as you may see chap.3
numb.43. See numb.125. another.
Gawn
CXXIV. In this part of the Plate under the Figure
before set, is three other Brewers Instruments; the first
on the dexter side towards the chief, is termed a Gawn;
it is a Vessel made after the form of a Piggen, but it
hath a long handle or neck thereby to reach to the bottom of deep Brewing Vessels to fetch out the Liquor; it
is most used by Ale-Brewers.
Brewer's fan
The second is called a Fane, it is used both by Malsters and Brewers, that make their own Malt; to Fan
or cleanse the Malt from Dust and Comings, and all
small Light Corn.
Brewing pan
The third is the Brewing Pan, of some called a
Brewers Copper, from the Metal which it is made
of. This is usually set upon a Furnace or Fire place
made either of Brick or Stone, which is termed the
setting of the Pan; the top that goes out wider than
the bottom, is called the Flang of the Pan.
Malt shovel
CXXV. In this quarter is the Instrument used about
Malt called a Shovel; it is to cast Malt into the Measure, turn it in the Kilne, and is a Servant for several
uses about the Lady Ceres; of which there are several
fashions as they are set down chap.8. numb.3.4. but this
is the only and peculiar form of them and most used.
Cooler
The second is termed a Cooler; it is only made
flat with the Boards in the bottom, and so close jointed, that
no Liquor can run out; the height is a Board also of
about a foot high: it stands upon Posts or Pillars, under
one corner if it (where the hole is (to let out the Wort)
is set the Yelling Comb into which the Liquor runs,
when the Brewer judgeth it cold enough, he puts Bearm
to it to set it working; it hath its name Cooler, from
its Office, which is to cool the Hot Wort, and that it
doth sooner by having the liquor broad and shallow, or
ebb in it, than if it were altogether in a deeper Vessel.
Water bags
In the sinister chief is another kind of Water Bags,
with the Leather under it which covers the Horse-Back,
and keeps him from the continual running of the Water
upon him, which might do the Horse hurt to be always
wet; but by means of this cover he is very rarely wet on
his Body, and when the Bags wax old, and the neck of
them weak, so that they fall together, then they are
kept open with two Sticks set cross the mouth of
them, as the Figure sheweth.
Brewing pan
CXXVI. He beareth a Brewing Pan set,
with three Steps by the side of it, with Fire under it. The Pan thus set in the place for Brewing hath many terms about it; as
To Set the Pan, is to compass it about with Brick or Stone, that the Fire may more speedily Boil its Liquor.
The Barrs in the Furnace.
The Door of the Furnace.
The Furnace or Fire place.
The Vent holes and Chimney.
The furnace hole, or place where the Ashes fall.
The Steps to rise to it.
The Flange of the top.
Drawing pipe
In the Sinister side, is a Drawing Pipe, of some
called a Crane, or Crane Pipe. It hath one end
almost twice as long as the other, let the short end
be put into any Liquor, and the longer end hang lower
out from it, and but suck the Liquor through the long
end, and upon your withdrawing your mouth, all the
rest of the Liquor will follow till it come equal to the
end of the Cane which is in the Vessel of Liquors. By
this means the Brewers by a Leaden Crane, draw
their Wort from one Cooler to another, till it be cool
enough for them to put it together for Working.
Smith's bolster
Image from published plateIn the Sinister part of the square, numb.126. is set a Smiths Bolster; it is a thick piece of Iron generally round, with an Hole in the middle of it; it is to ly under another hot or cold peece of Iron, that must have a hole Punched through it, to save the Punch from breaking. [Belongs to following section]
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